从洗涤剂厂排污口附近的河水中,分离纯化到2 株能分别以壬基苯基聚氧乙烯醚(Triton X-100)和十二烷基聚氧乙烯(23)醚(Brij-35)为唯一碳源和能源生长的降解菌株,分别命名为菌株T-1 和B-2.根据菌落特征、菌体形态、生理生化反应分析以及16S rDNA 序列分析,确认菌株T-1 为苍白杆菌属(Ochrobactrum sp.),菌株B-2 为伯克霍尔德菌属(Burkholderia).在底物浓度较低(50~100 mg/L)时,Triton X-100降解速度＜Brij-35;在底物浓度较(200~1500 mg/L)时,Triton X-100 的降解的速度＞Brij-35.T-1 在pH6~8,B-2 在pH7 时生长最好;最适生长温度分别25,30℃.2 株菌对氮源利用广泛.Zn2+、Ca2+、Al3+、Fe3+对T-1 和B-2 均有轻微的抑制作用,Cu2+均有毒性.

关键词：非离子表面活性剂；菌株；降解；Triton X-100；Brij-35

Abstract：Two nonionic surfactant-degrading bacteria designated as T-1 and B-2 were isolated from the surfactantpolluted water by repeated subculture in liquid medium with Triton X-100 and Brij-35 as the sole carbon and energy source respectively. Strain T-1 and B-2 were identified as Ochrobactrum sp. and Burkholderia, according to their characteristics, shapes, physiochemical and the analyse of the phylogenetical analyses of 16S rDNA sequence. A significant positive relationship was found between bacterial growth and concentration of nonionic surfactant degradation.In a mineral salts medium with 50~100 mg/L nonionic surfactant, the highest degradation of Triton X-100 was obtained after 60 h, but that of Brij-35 was obtained only need 36h. When the concentration of nonionic surfactant at 200~1500mg/L, the degradation rates of Triton X-100 was higher than Brij-35 after 72 h. The optimal pH value and temperature for T-1 growth were 6~8 and 25℃, B-2 were 7 and 30℃ respectively. The two strains were able to use a broad of nitrogen sources. Zn2+, Ca2+, Al3+, Fe3+ could inhibit the growth of the strains and biodegradation of Triton X-100 and Brij-35 slightly, but Cu2+ had inhibitory effect.
Key words：nonionic surfactant；strain；degradation；Triton X-100；Brij-35